Learning through Expedition from Eastern Tourists’ Viewpoint: Application of the Experimental Learning Theory
fatemeh
khozaei
دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر، معماری و شهرسازی، واحد کرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسالمی، کرمان
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text
article
2016
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Benefits of outdoor learning, experimental learning and travel schooling have long been studied and well documented in other countries. However, these types of learning are still infancy in Iran and are understudied in architecture and urban planning fields. To address this gap in the literature, the present article investigates Iranian students’ and researchers’ learning from an academic field trip to Europe. Through the lens of the Kolbe’s Experimental Learning Theory, it will be predicted that academic field trips facilitate four- stage learning cycle simultaneously. The result of data analysis supported the research hypothesis.This study is qualitative in nature. The data for the study was collected through an unstructured interview and an open-ended questionnaire. The subjects consisted of 25 researchers and students who participated in an academic field trip to Italy and France in summer 2015. After transcribing the interviews and the questionnaires, the content analysis of the collected data were carried out using NVIVO17 software. The data analysis revealed that academic field trips promote four -stage learning cycle namely “concrete experience”, “reflective observation”, “abstract conceptualization” and “active experimentation” in Kolbe’s Experimental Learning Theory.
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Nazar Research Center
2345-6612
4
v.
12
no.
2016
3
10
http://www.jaco-sj.com/article_41549_5fe6adf2810ee16a5cf4aa3cb27d9173.pdf
The Role of Medieval Bliefs Information of The City of Siena and its Direction towards Delcampo Square
zahra
iliati
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره) قزوین
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text
article
2016
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The city of Siena is a medieval city that was built in 30A.D, with the aim of being a military base near Rome, by the Romans. After that, this city was developed in the medieval time and it has continued its life with the same medieval structures. Siena is one of the few cities with such a spatial organization. The considerable characteristic of this city is large a urban square with the important municipality court on one side of it. The whole city has presumably directed towards this square. The religion is considered as one of the prominent governmental elements in the city. Accordingly the aim of this study is to find a logical relation among the medieval beliefs and formation of Del Campo Square in the urban design of Siena. Regarding the municipality court structure in the southern part of the square and the direction of the square towards this building, it is found that its formation, even in the Gothic era, is occurred, when the capitalist system was dominating the medieval community, which has caused the formation of the community and construction of municipality courts to support the democratic governments. The present article uses a descriptive/analyticalresearch methodology, and data are collected through observations and using of library documents.
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Nazar Research Center
2345-6612
4
v.
12
no.
2016
11
18
http://www.jaco-sj.com/article_41550_fce753070b8368448206ad4d22023bdd.pdf
The Repairing Actions in Urban Visual Axis for Preservation and Continuity of Regional Identity
Case studies: Avenue des Champs-Élysées and Conciliazione
ali akbar
khamseh ashari
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری منظر، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره) قزوین
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2016
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Visual axes are visual corridors that form along the linear openings like streets and are designed toward a significant element or strategic landscape. They also provide visual connection between two urban prominent areas. Urban walls, natural features and urban furniture can be used in designing urban axes. These axes have the main role in preservation and continuity of urban identity. Identity is a historical continuity which should be maintained by quantities that has been created in history. On the other hand , identity can’t be shared with the others. This means that every place has specific quantities according to its own independent entities that make urban spaces characters different from each other. Some actions like preservation, reconstruction and revitalization are needed for preservation and continuity of identity in urban visual axes that can lead to continuity and strengthening identity and increasing the sense of belonging in these axes if they are proper and well performed. Continued presence of people and creating a linear public space are results of people’s sense of belonging to an urban axis. Individuals and different social groups attend in this space and communicate to each other . In this regard, Avenue des Champs-Élysées and Conciliazione of Rome, as main urban axes with a specific history, are considered to survey their repairing actions according to maintain identity of the region. This research was conducted applying descriptive- analytic method and also by observation and library studies. It is hoped that the results of this study can help repairing actions to maintain the identity of urban visual axes.
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Nazar Research Center
2345-6612
4
v.
12
no.
2016
19
28
http://www.jaco-sj.com/article_41551_4c2e069d33bb2f5c74a6bc7156b87133.pdf
Spiritual Perception Resulted From Religious Environments of Mediaeval Churches in the West
maryam
mohseni moghadam
کارشناس ارشد معماری، دانشگاه آزاد مشهد
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article
2016
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As the Christians’ religious and meditation environments, mediaeval churches in the West have a specific magnificence and grandeur, always being considered as prominent urban landmarks With the used elements in them, the internal spaces of churches have exclusive characteristics, transforming them into holy places for the prayers of Christians during various centuries. The research hypothesis indicates that the architectural elements used in designing a religious place are successful, when they are advancing towards the religious and believing resources related to the building, and when the political factors, luxury and trappings are the dominating aspects of the building, it cannot create spiritual and religious space for the praying people entering to the place. The aim of this study is to analyze and investigate the spiritual and mystic effects of architectural elements and religious ceremonies of Christians in the Western churches with regards to the field observations, environmental perceptions, and expanding the subject with studying the related topics. Method of collecting the information to develop this study was field information from the Western churches during a scientific/research trip to France and Italy, and analysis of the findings, library studies, and collecting information via questionnaires given to the people that have closely observed European churches. The result of this article indicate the views of Eastern people, who have been in the Western churches for the first time, expressing their environmental perceptions and spiritual feelings about a Christian religious place.
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Nazar Research Center
2345-6612
4
v.
12
no.
2016
29
40
http://www.jaco-sj.com/article_41553_4d7ebef8c0cc3185c7bfd8055f02c381.pdf
Through the Eyes of the Beholder: the Role of Culture in City Brand Architecture: A Case Study of Lyon, France
parvaneh
parchekani
پژوهشگر دکتری مدیریت گردشگری، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ ایران
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text
article
2016
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City branding through architecture refers to conscious and coherent efforts to fulfill visitors’ expectations about a place. The expectations that the visitors bring with themselves to the tourist attractions influence their mental image of the place. In urban tourism, cultural elements and cultural indices are significantly important for attracting more visitors and shaping their mental images. In post-modern age, social, spatial and cultural structures play an undeniable role in tourism development and city popularity. Space creation, city special characteristics and its associated appealing mental images bring people and cities international fame. For branding, architecture, city image- making process, and urban management need to be based on cultural and historical elements to succeed in creating visual attractions and featuring the elements in specific fields for a place or a city. Therefore, city branding is properly aligned with targets, words, design, urban architect and place branding. This research is an attempt to identify the cultural elements and explain how these elements as the main tools of architecture contribute to city branding and sustainable urban tourism. Given that Lyon in France is an internationally recognized destination benefiting from a proper historical and cultural themes and relative success, it has been selected as case.
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Nazar Research Center
2345-6612
4
v.
12
no.
2016
41
50
http://www.jaco-sj.com/article_41555_cbc1ddd3d26f0c295b3826474833d86d.pdf
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mohammad mehdi
shabani
پژوهشگر دکتری معماری. پژوهشکده نظر
author
text
article
2016
per
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Nazar Research Center
2345-6612
4
v.
12
no.
2016
51
60
http://www.jaco-sj.com/article_41556_bec5d79b3d28d76fcf87cf2488d12a5b.pdf